2018. 12. 11. 20:38ㆍ[신농본초경]/상경(上經)
균계(菌桂)[본경]
균계(菌桂)
锡兰肉桂
Cinnamomum verum Presl
异名(이명)
Laurus cinnamomum L.
Camphorina cinnamomum (L.) Farw.
Cinnamomum barthii Lukman.
Cinnamomum bengalense Lukman.
Cinnamomum biafranum Lukman.
Cinnamomum bonplandii Lukman.
Cinnamomum boutonii Lukman.
Cinnamomum capense Lukman.
Cinnamomum carolinense var. oblongum Kaneh.
Cinnamomum cayennense Lukman.
Cinnamomum commersonii Lukman.
Cinnamomum cordifolium Lukman.
Cinnamomum decandollei Lukman.
Cinnamomum delessertii Lukman.
Cinnamomum ellipticum Lukman.
Cinnamomum erectum Lukman.
Cinnamomum humboldtii Lukman.
Cinnamomum karrouwa Lukman.
Cinnamomum leptopus A.C.Sm.
Cinnamomum leschenaultii Lukman.
Cinnamomum madrassicum Lukman.
Cinnamomum maheanum Lukman.
Cinnamomum mauritianum Lukman.
Cinnamomum meissneri Lukman.
Cinnamomum pallasii Lukman.
Cinnamomum pleei Lukman.
Cinnamomum pourretii Lukman.
Cinnamomum regelii Lukman.
Cinnamomum roxburghii Lukman.
Cinnamomum sieberi Lukman.
Cinnamomum sonneratii Lukman.
Cinnamomum vaillantii Lukman.
Cinnamomum variabile Lukman.
Cinnamomum wolkensteinii Lukman.
Cinnamomum zeylanicum var. cassia Meisn.
Cinnamomum zeylanicum var. cordifolium Hayne
Cinnamomum zeylanicum var. foeniculaceum Meisn.
Cinnamomum zeylanicum var. inodorum Meisn.
Cinnamomum zeylanicum var. microphyllum Meisn.
Cinnamomum zollingeri Lukman.
Laurus cinnamifera Stokes
Laurus cinnamomea Salisb.
Persea cinnamomum Spreng.
형태특정(形态特征)
常绿小乔木,高达10米;树皮黑褐色,内皮有强烈的桂醛芳香气。芽被绢状微柔毛。幼枝略为四棱形,灰色而具白斑。叶通常对生,卵圆形或卵状披针形,长11-16厘米,宽4.5-5.5厘米,先端渐尖,基部锐尖,革质或近革质,上面绿色,光亮,下面淡绿白色,两面无毛,具离基三出脉,中脉及侧脉两面凸起,细脉和小脉网状,脉网在下面明显呈蜂巢状小窝穴;叶柄长2厘米,无毛。圆锥花序腋生及顶生,长10-12厘米,具梗,总梗及各级序轴被绢状微柔毛。花黄色,长约6毫米。花被筒倒锥形,花被裂片6,长圆形,近相等,外面被灰色微柔毛。能育雄蕊9,花丝近基部有毛,第一、二轮雄蕊花丝无腺体,第三轮雄蕊花丝有一对腺体,花药4室,第一、二轮雄蕊花药药室内向,第三轮雄蕊花药药室外向。子房卵珠形,无毛,花柱短,柱头盘状。果卵球形,长10-15 豪米,熟时黑色;果托杯状,增大,具齿裂,齿先端截形或锐尖。
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菌桂
味辛,溫。
主百病,養精神,和顏色,為諸藥先聘通使。久服輕身不老,面生光華,媚好常如童子。生山谷。
《名醫》曰:生交址桂林岩崖間,無骨,正圓如竹,立秋採。
案《楚詞》云:雜申椒與菌桂兮;王逸云:桂皆香木;《列仙傳》云:范蠡好服桂。
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