2021. 9. 17. 23:26ㆍ백두산 본초 이야기/백두산 본초 도감
작교(雀翘)
실미꾸리낚시/작교(雀翘)
실미꾸리낚시
이명:수원미꾸리낚시
학명:Persicaria sieboldii var. paludosa (Kom.) Nakai ex Kitag.
분류군:Polygonaceae(마디풀과)
분포
한반도(제주, 중부, 남부), 만주, 아무르, 우수리.
생육환경
늪지대에 난다.
학명 Persicaria sieboldii var. paludosa (Kom.) Nakai ex Kitag.
Leneam. Fl. Mansh. 180
1. Persicaria sieboldii var. paludosa (Komar.) T.B.Lee (비합법명)
Neolin. Fl. Manshur. 585 (Kitag., 1979)
1) Lineamenta Florae Koreae (W.T.Lee, 1996)
2. Polygonum paludosum (Komar.) Kom.
Fl. URSS 5 : 689, 726 t. 48, f. 4 (1936)
1) Lineamenta Florae Koreae (W.T.Lee, 1996)
3. Polygonum sagittatum var. hallaisanense H.Lev.
Rep. Sp. Nov. 8 : 171 (1910)
1) Lineamenta Florae Koreae (W.T.Lee, 1996)
4. Polygonum sagittatum var. paludosum Kom.
l. c. 133 (1903)
1) Lineamenta Florae Koreae (W.T.Lee, 1996)
국명 실미꾸리낚시
1) 우리나라식물명감 (박만규, 1949)
2) 한국식물명고 (이우철, 1996)
1. 수원미꾸리낚시
1) 우리나라의 식물자원 (이창복, 1969)
출처:국가생물종지식정보시스템.국가표준식물목록.IPNI
전두료(箭头蓼)
Polygonum sagittatum L.
이명(异名)
Polygonum sagittatum var. paludosum Kom.
Persicaria sieboldii (Meisn.) OhIKi
Polygonum sieboldii var. pratense Y. L. Chang et S. X. Li
Polygonum sagittatum subsp. sieboldii Vorosch.
Polygonum sagittatum var. boreale Meissn.
Truellum sibiricum (Meisn.) Soják
Truellum sagittatum (L.) Soják
Tracaulon sagittatum (L.) Small
Tracaulon sibiricum (Meisn.) Greene
Tracaulon sieboldii (Meisn.) Greene
Persicaria sieboldii var. brevifolia Kitag.
Persicaria sagittata var. sieboldii (Meisn.) Nakai
Polygonum sagittatum var. sibiricum Meissn.
Persicaria sagittata (L.) H. Gross(Nakai)
Polygonum belopyllum Litv.
Polygonum paludosum (Kom.) Kom.
Helxine sagittata (L.) Rafin.
Polygonum sagittum var. sieboldii (Meisner) Maxim ex Kom.
Tracaulon sagittatum var. gracilentum (Fern.) C.F. Reed
Polygonum sagittatum var. gracilentum Fern.
Polygonum sagittatum L.
Sp. Pl. 1: 363. 1753 [1 May 1753]
1: 363 1753
Original Data:
Notes: As. et. Am. bor
箭头蓼
Helxine sagittata (Linnaeus) Rafinesque; Persicaria sagittata (Linnaeus) H. Gross ex Nakai; P. sagittata var. sieboldii (Meisner) Nakai; P. sieboldii (Meisner) K. Ohki; ?P. sieboldii var. brevifolia Kitagawa; ?Polygonum belophyllum Litvinov; ?P. paludosum (Komarov) Komarov; P. sagittatum var. boreale Meisner; P. sagittatum Linnaeus subsp. sieboldii (Meisner) V. N. Voroschilov; ?P. sagittatum var. paludosum Komarov; ?P. sieboldii var. pratense Y. L. Chang & S. X. Li; P. sagittatum var. sibiricum Meisner; P. sagittatum var. sieboldii (Meisner) Maximowicz ex Komarov; P. sieboldii Meisner; Tracaulon sagittatum (Linnaeus) Small; T. sibiricum (Meisner) Greene; T. sieboldii (Meisner) Greene; Truellum sagittatum (Linnaeus) Soják; T. sibiricum (Meisner) Soják.
Herbs annual, scandent, 0.3-2 m tall. Stem light green to green, often becoming reddish purple at maturity, simple to extensively branched, glabrous, angulate, with recurved prickles along angles, often decumbent at base, usually producing fibrous roots at lower nodes. Leaves petiolate, upper ones often shortly petiolate or subsessile; petiole 0.5-4 cm, glabrous, retrorsely prickly along angles; leaf blade green adaxially, light green abaxially, broadly lanceolate to oblong, 2-8.5 × 1-3 cm, thin, abaxially glabrous, abaxially usually retrorsely prickly near base of midvein, adaxially glabrous to densely pubescent with appressed simple multiseriate hairs, base sagittate to deeply cordate with small rounded or triangular lobes, margin ciliate or eciliate, apex acute to subacute or obtuse; ocrea oblique, 0.5-1.3 cm, scarious, glabrous, often weakly ciliate at tip, lower ones often lacerate. Inflorescence terminal or in axils of upper leaves, elongate, 3-15 cm, often slender, usually branched, usually glabrous but sometimes with a few recurved prickles in lower portion; inflorescence bracts resembling ocrea but much reduced, 1.5-3 mm; each inflorescence branch terminated by a dense headlike cluster of many flower fascicles. Flower fascicles usually 2- or 3-flowered, closely spaced; bracts lanceolate to narrowly elliptic, 3-5 mm, glabrous, apex strongly acuminate; bracteoles narrowly elliptic to elliptic, 3-4 mm, glabrous, often ciliate at tip; pedicel short, 1-1.5 mm, glabrous, included in bracteoles. Perianth white to greenish white, often reddish, 3-5 mm, 5-parted; tepals broadly elliptic, not becoming fleshy, apex obtuse. Stamens 8, inserted at base of perianth in 2 whorls; inner stamens 3, ca. 2 mm; outer stamens 5, 1-1.5 mm. Style 1, 3-cleft to middle, ca. 0.5 mm, included; stigmas 3. Achenes dark brown to black, dull to shiny, 3-4 mm, usually ovoid, sharply trigonous, punctate to smooth, apex acute.In moist grassy situations, often in partial shade, occurring naturally in meadows, pastures, margins of swamps, ponds, and along stream banks, common as a weed along roadsides and other disturbed sites; 100-2200 m. Anhui, Fujian, Gansu, ?Guizhou, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Jilin, Liaoning, Nei Mongol, Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi, Sichuan, Taiwan, Yunnan, Zhejiang [N India, Japan, Korea, Mongolia, Russia (Far East) (var. sieboldii); E North America: (var. sagittatum)].
Polygonum sagittatum s.l. is an extremely variable species and known from both Asia and North America. Some authors have pointed out, on the basis of differences in achene surface and leaf margin, that North American populations are separable from Asian ones, and have treated them as two distinct varieties of P. sagittatum, or as two distinct species: P. sagittatum in North America and P. sieboldii in eastern Asia. In Park’s previous taxonomic monograph of P. sect. Echinocaulon (Syst. Bot. 12: 167–179. 1987; and Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 47: 1–82. 1988), P. sagittatum and P. sieboldii are recognized as conspecific mainly based on flavonoid chemistry and also the observation that North American plants are well within the range of variability of eastern Asian ones. However, the recent molecular analyses of North American and eastern Asian populations of P. sagittatum (Park, in prep.) show that these disjunct populations are genetically somewhat divergent from each other. The degree of genetic divergence, however, strongly suggests that they can be recognized either as a single polymorphic species (P. sagittatum s.l.) or two distinct varieties of P. sagittatum, but they can hardly be treated as two distinct species.
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미꾸리낚시/작교(雀翘)
미꾸리낚시
이명:미꾸라지낚시.여뀌대.미꾸리덤불
학명:Persicaria sagittata (L.) H.Gross ex Nakai
분류군:Polygonaceae(마디풀과)
일본명:Akino-unagi-tsukami
잎
잎은 엽병이 있으며 호생하고 피침형으로서 끝이 뾰족하며 밑부분이 심장저이고 털이 없으나 뒷면의 엽맥은 엽병과 더불어 밑을 향한 가시가 있으며 가장자리는 밋밋하고 엽초 모양의 탁엽은 털이 없으며 길이 5-10mm이다.
열매
열매는 수과로서 화피로 싸여 있고 3개의 능선이 있으며 길이 3mm정도로서 흑색이다.
꽃
꽃은 6-8월에 피며 화서 밑부분에는 백색이고 윗부분은 홍색이지만 때로는 연한 홍색으로서 꽃과 열매가 같이 달리며 두상화서는 가지 끝에 달리고 화경에 가시가 없다. 화피는 5개로 깊게 갈라지며 길이 3mm정도이고 꽃잎은 없으며 수술은 8개, 암술대는 3개로 되어 있다.
줄기
길이 20-100cm이고 밑부분이 옆으로 누우며 가지가 갈라지고 털은 없으나 갈고리 모양의 가시가 있어 잘 붙는다. 밑부분의 줄기는 옆으로 누우며, 사각형이다.
원산지
한국.
분포
우리 나라 각처에서 자란다.
형태
1년생 초본
크기
높이가 20-100cm 정도 된다.
생육환경
도랑이나 산기슭의 냇가에서 자란다.
이용방안
▶과실 또는 전초를 雀翹(작교)라고 하며 약용한다. <약효 > 과실은 益氣(익기), 明目(명목)하고 전초는 淸熱(청열), 해독, 消腫(소종), 止痛(지통), 止痒(지양)의 효능이 있다. 장염, 이질, 蛇, 犬咬傷(사,견교상), 瘡癤(창절), 腫毒(종독), 나력, 대상포진, 습진, 피부염, 皮膚搔痒症(피부소양증), 痔瘡(치창)을 치료한다.
유사종
▶민미꾸리낚시 (var.aestiva OHKI) : 5-6월에 꽃이 피고 밑을 향한 가시가 적으며 심장저의 양쪽 귀가 벌어진다.
▶털미꾸리낚시 (var.sericea NAK.): 잎과 화경에 털이 있다.
특징
털은 없으나 갈고리 모양의 가시가 있다
학명 Persicaria sagittata (L.) H.Gross ex Nakai
Fl. Saishu & Kwan Isl. 41 (1914)
1. Helxine sagittatum (L.) Raf.
Fl. tellur. 3: 10 (1837)
1) Taxonomy of Polygonum section Echinocaulon (Polygonaceae) (C.W.Park, 1986)
2. Persicaria aestiva Ohki
Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 40 : 55 (1926)
1) Lineamenta Florae Koreae (W.T.Lee, 1996)
3. Persicaria anguillana (Koidz.) Honda
Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 53 : 383 (1939)
1) Taxonomy of Polygonum section Echinocaulon (Polygonaceae) (C.W.Park, 1986)
4. Persicaria sagittata var. sericea Nakai ex Mori
Enum. Pl. Cor. 133 (1980)
1) Lineamenta Florae Koreae (W.T.Lee, 1996)
5. Persicaria sagittata var. sibirica for. aestiva (Ohki) Hara
J. Jap. Bot. 55 : 212 (1980)
1) Lineamenta Florae Koreae (W.T.Lee, 1996)
6. Persicaria sagittata var. sieboldii (Meisn.) Nakai
Fl. Saishu & Kwan Isl. 41 (1914)
1) Taxonomy of Polygonum section Echinocaulon (Polygonaceae) (C.W.Park, 1986)
7. Persicaria sieboldii (Meisn.) Ohki
Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 40 : 54 (1926)
1) Taxonomy of Polygonum section Echinocaulon (Polygonaceae) (C.W.Park, 1986)
8. Polygonum anguillanum Koidz.
Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 8: 51 (1939)
1) Taxonomy of Polygonum section Echinocaulon (Polygonaceae) (C.W.Park, 1986)
9. Polygonum belophyllum Litv.
Spisok. Rast. Gerb. Fl. SSSR Bot. Inst. Vsesojuzn. Akad. Nauk 9: 25 (1932)
1) Taxonomy of Polygonum section Echinocaulon (Polygonaceae) (C.W.Park, 1986)
10. Polygonum sagittatum L.
Sp. pl. 363 (1753)
11. Polygonum sagittatum var. aestivum Makino
Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 6 : 49 (1892)
1) Lineamenta Florae Koreae (W.T.Lee, 1996)
12. Polygonum sagittatum var. americanum Meisn.
Prodr. (DC.) 14 : 132 (DC., 1856)
1) Taxonomy of Polygonum section Echinocaulon (Polygonaceae) (C.W.Park, 1986)
13. Polygonum sagittatum var. boreale Meisn.
Mongr. Polyg. 65 (1826)
1) Taxonomy of Polygonum section Echinocaulon (Polygonaceae) (C.W.Park, 1986)
14. Polygonum sagittatum var. gracilentum Fern.
Rhodora 44: 393 (1942)
1) Taxonomy of Polygonum section Echinocaulon (Polygonaceae) (C.W.Park, 1986)
15. Polygonum sagittatum var. hallaisanense H.Lev.
Rep. Sp. Nov. 8 : 171 (1910)
1) Lineamenta Florae Koreae (W.T.Lee, 1996)
16. Polygonum sagittatum var. ovalifolium Farw.
Pap. Michigan Acad. Sci. 3: 95 (1924)
1) Taxonomy of Polygonum section Echinocaulon (Polygonaceae) (C.W.Park, 1986)
17. Polygonum sagittatum var. sericeum Nakai
Journ. Coll. Sci. Univ. Tokyo 23 art. 11 : 16 (1908)
1) Lineamenta Florae Koreae (W.T.Lee, 1996)
18. Polygonum sagittatum var. sibiricum Meisn.
Prodr. (DC.) 14 : 132 (DC., 1856)
1) Taxonomy of Polygonum section Echinocaulon (Polygonaceae) (C.W.Park, 1986)
19. Polygonum sagittatum var. sibiricum for. aestivum (Ohki) Murata
Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 32: 48 (1981)
1) Lineamenta Florae Koreae (W.T.Lee, 1996)
20. Polygonum sagittatum var. sieboldii (Meisn.) Maxim. ex Kom.
Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada. 22: 132 (1903)
1) Taxonomy of Polygonum section Echinocaulon (Polygonaceae) (C.W.Park, 1986)
21. Polygonum sieboldii Meisn.
Prodr. (DC.) 14: 133 (DC., 1856)
1) Taxonomy of Polygonum section Echinocaulon (Polygonaceae) (C.W.Park, 1986)
22. Polygonum sieboldii var. aestivum (Ohki) Ohwi
Fl. Jap. 465(1953); in Bull. Nat. Sci. Mcs. Tokyo 33 : 70(1953)
1) Lineamenta Florae Koreae (W.T.Lee, 1996)
23. Tracaulon sagittatum (L.) Small
Fl. S.E.U.S. 381 (1903)
1) Taxonomy of Polygonum section Echinocaulon (Polygonaceae) (C.W.Park, 1986)
24. Tracaulon sibiricum (Meisn.) Greene
Leafl. Bot. Observ. 1: 22 (1904)
1) Taxonomy of Polygonum section Echinocaulon (Polygonaceae) (C.W.Park, 1986)
25. Tracaulon sieboldii (Meisn.) Greene
Leafl. Bot. Observ. 1: 22 (1904)
1) Taxonomy of Polygonum section Echinocaulon (Polygonaceae) (C.W.Park, 1986)
26. Truellum sagittatum (L.) Sojak
Preslia 46: 149 (1974)
1) Taxonomy of Polygonum section Echinocaulon (Polygonaceae) (C.W.Park, 1986)
27. Truellum sibiricum (Meisn.) Sojak
Preslia 46: 148 (1974)
1) Taxonomy of Polygonum section Echinocaulon (Polygonaceae) (C.W.Park, 1986)
28. Truellum sieboldii (Meisn.) Sojak
Preslia 46: 149 (1974)
1) Taxonomy of Polygonum section Echinocaulon (Polygonaceae) (C.W.Park, 1986)
국명 미꾸리낚시
1) 한국동식물도감 제5권 식물편(목,초본류) (정태현, 1965)
2) 한국쌍자엽식물지(초본편) (박만규, 1974)
3) 대한식물도감 (이창복, 1980)
4) 한국식물명고 (이우철, 1996)
5) 한국식물도감 (이영노, 1996, 1998)
1. 미꾸라지낚시
2. 미꾸리낙시
영문명 :
일본명 :
북한명 : 미꾸리낚시
Persicaria sagittata ( L. ) H.Gross
Beih. Bot. Centralbl. xxxvii. II. 113. 1919
xxxvii. II. 113 1919
Original Data:
Notes: Polygonum sagittatum
출처:국가생물종지식정보시스템. 국가표준식물목록.IPNI
전두료(箭头蓼)
Polygonum sagittatum L.
이명(异名)
Polygonum sagittatum var. paludosum Kom.
Persicaria sieboldii (Meisn.) OhIKi
Polygonum sieboldii var. pratense Y. L. Chang et S. X. Li
Polygonum sagittatum subsp. sieboldii Vorosch.
Polygonum sagittatum var. boreale Meissn.
Truellum sibiricum (Meisn.) Soják
Truellum sagittatum (L.) Soják
Tracaulon sagittatum (L.) Small
Tracaulon sibiricum (Meisn.) Greene
Tracaulon sieboldii (Meisn.) Greene
Persicaria sieboldii var. brevifolia Kitag.
Persicaria sagittata var. sieboldii (Meisn.) Nakai
Polygonum sagittatum var. sibiricum Meissn.
Persicaria sagittata (L.) H. Gross(Nakai)
Polygonum belopyllum Litv.
Polygonum paludosum (Kom.) Kom.
Helxine sagittata (L.) Rafin.
Polygonum sagittum var. sieboldii (Meisner) Maxim ex Kom.
Tracaulon sagittatum var. gracilentum (Fern.) C.F. Reed
Polygonum sagittatum var. gracilentum Fern.
Polygonum sagittatum L.
Sp. Pl. 1: 363. 1753 [1 May 1753]
1: 363 1753
Original Data:
Notes: As. et. Am. bor
箭头蓼
Helxine sagittata (Linnaeus) Rafinesque; Persicaria sagittata (Linnaeus) H. Gross ex Nakai; P. sagittata var. sieboldii (Meisner) Nakai; P. sieboldii (Meisner) K. Ohki; ?P. sieboldii var. brevifolia Kitagawa; ?Polygonum belophyllum Litvinov; ?P. paludosum (Komarov) Komarov; P. sagittatum var. boreale Meisner; P. sagittatum Linnaeus subsp. sieboldii (Meisner) V. N. Voroschilov; ?P. sagittatum var. paludosum Komarov; ?P. sieboldii var. pratense Y. L. Chang & S. X. Li; P. sagittatum var. sibiricum Meisner; P. sagittatum var. sieboldii (Meisner) Maximowicz ex Komarov; P. sieboldii Meisner; Tracaulon sagittatum (Linnaeus) Small; T. sibiricum (Meisner) Greene; T. sieboldii (Meisner) Greene; Truellum sagittatum (Linnaeus) Soják; T. sibiricum (Meisner) Soják.
Herbs annual, scandent, 0.3-2 m tall. Stem light green to green, often becoming reddish purple at maturity, simple to extensively branched, glabrous, angulate, with recurved prickles along angles, often decumbent at base, usually producing fibrous roots at lower nodes. Leaves petiolate, upper ones often shortly petiolate or subsessile; petiole 0.5-4 cm, glabrous, retrorsely prickly along angles; leaf blade green adaxially, light green abaxially, broadly lanceolate to oblong, 2-8.5 × 1-3 cm, thin, abaxially glabrous, abaxially usually retrorsely prickly near base of midvein, adaxially glabrous to densely pubescent with appressed simple multiseriate hairs, base sagittate to deeply cordate with small rounded or triangular lobes, margin ciliate or eciliate, apex acute to subacute or obtuse; ocrea oblique, 0.5-1.3 cm, scarious, glabrous, often weakly ciliate at tip, lower ones often lacerate. Inflorescence terminal or in axils of upper leaves, elongate, 3-15 cm, often slender, usually branched, usually glabrous but sometimes with a few recurved prickles in lower portion; inflorescence bracts resembling ocrea but much reduced, 1.5-3 mm; each inflorescence branch terminated by a dense headlike cluster of many flower fascicles. Flower fascicles usually 2- or 3-flowered, closely spaced; bracts lanceolate to narrowly elliptic, 3-5 mm, glabrous, apex strongly acuminate; bracteoles narrowly elliptic to elliptic, 3-4 mm, glabrous, often ciliate at tip; pedicel short, 1-1.5 mm, glabrous, included in bracteoles. Perianth white to greenish white, often reddish, 3-5 mm, 5-parted; tepals broadly elliptic, not becoming fleshy, apex obtuse. Stamens 8, inserted at base of perianth in 2 whorls; inner stamens 3, ca. 2 mm; outer stamens 5, 1-1.5 mm. Style 1, 3-cleft to middle, ca. 0.5 mm, included; stigmas 3. Achenes dark brown to black, dull to shiny, 3-4 mm, usually ovoid, sharply trigonous, punctate to smooth, apex acute.In moist grassy situations, often in partial shade, occurring naturally in meadows, pastures, margins of swamps, ponds, and along stream banks, common as a weed along roadsides and other disturbed sites; 100-2200 m. Anhui, Fujian, Gansu, ?Guizhou, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Jilin, Liaoning, Nei Mongol, Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi, Sichuan, Taiwan, Yunnan, Zhejiang [N India, Japan, Korea, Mongolia, Russia (Far East) (var. sieboldii); E North America: (var. sagittatum)].
Polygonum sagittatum s.l. is an extremely variable species and known from both Asia and North America. Some authors have pointed out, on the basis of differences in achene surface and leaf margin, that North American populations are separable from Asian ones, and have treated them as two distinct varieties of P. sagittatum, or as two distinct species: P. sagittatum in North America and P. sieboldii in eastern Asia. In Park’s previous taxonomic monograph of P. sect. Echinocaulon (Syst. Bot. 12: 167–179. 1987; and Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 47: 1–82. 1988), P. sagittatum and P. sieboldii are recognized as conspecific mainly based on flavonoid chemistry and also the observation that North American plants are well within the range of variability of eastern Asian ones. However, the recent molecular analyses of North American and eastern Asian populations of P. sagittatum (Park, in prep.) show that these disjunct populations are genetically somewhat divergent from each other. The degree of genetic divergence, however, strongly suggests that they can be recognized either as a single polymorphic species (P. sagittatum s.l.) or two distinct varieties of P. sagittatum, but they can hardly be treated as two distinct species.
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작교(雀翹)
【出处】《别录》
별명(別名)
去母、更生（《别录》）。
래원(來源)
为蓼科植物箭叶蓼的果实或全草。
원형태(原形态)
一年生草本，茎细长，长可达1米，蔓延或半直立，四棱形，无毛，沿棱上具倒生钩刺。叶片长卵状披针形，长5～10厘米，宽1.5～2.5厘米，基部深凹缺，具卵状三角形的叶耳，无毛，仅沿下面中脉具钩刺，质稍薄；叶柄长达2厘米，柄上具3～4或1～2排钩刺；托鞘长5～10毫米，膜质，无毛。头状花序顶生，通常成对，花密集，但数目不多，花梗平滑无毛；苞长卵形，锐尖；花被5裂，白色或粉红色，雄蕊8；花柱3，分裂。瘦果三棱形，黑色，长约3毫米，为宿存的花被所包裹。花期5～6月。
생경분부(生境分部)
生于山脚、路旁、水边。分布黑龙江、辽宁、吉林、河北、河南、陕西、山东、江苏、浙江、台湾等地。
성미(性味)
①《别录》："（果实）味咸。"
②《陕西中草药》："全草，味酸辛，性凉，有小毒。"
공능주치(功能主治)
①《别录》："（果实）主益气，明目。"
②《陕西中草药》："全草，清热解毒，消肿，止痛，止痒。治肠炎，痢疾，蛇、狗咬伤，疮疖肿毒，瘰疬，带状疱疹，湿疹，皮炎，皮肤瘙痒症，痔疮。"
【적록】《중약대사전(中藥大辭典)》
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작교(雀翘)
Polygonum sagittatum L.[P.sieboldiiMeissn．」
【出处】出自《名医别录》：雀翘，生蓝中。叶细黄，茎赤有刺，四月实，实锐，黄中黑。五月采，阴干。
별명(別名)
去母、更生、长野荞麦草、大叶野荞麦草、长叶荞麦草、倒刺林、养麦刺、水红骨蛇、秋雀翘、降龙草、走游草、钩钧草、尖叶寥
약재기원(藥材基源)
为蓼科植物箭叶蓼的全草。
채수화저장(采收和貯藏)
夏、秋采收全草，扎成束，鲜用或阴干。
식물형태(植物形态)
一年生草本，长可达1m。茎细长，蔓延或半直立，四棱形，无毛，沿棱上具倒生钩刺。叶互生；叶柄长达2cm，柄上具3-4或l-2排钩刺；托叶鞘长5-10mm，膜质，无毛；叶片长卵状披针形，长5-10rm.宽1.5-2.5cm，先端锐尖或微钝，基部深凹缺，具卵状三角形的叶耳，无毛，仅沿下面中脉具钩刺，质稍薄。头状花序顶生，通常成对，花密集，但数目不多，花梗平滑无毛；苞片长卵形，锐尖；花被5裂，白色或粉白色；雄蕊8；花柱3，分裂。瘦果三棱形，长约3mm，黑色。花期5-6月，果期6-9月。
생태배경(生态环境)
生于山脚、路旁水边。
성미(性味)
辛；苦；性平
공능(功能)
거풍제습(祛風除濕)；청열해독(淸熱解毒)。
주치(主治)
풍습관절동통(風濕關節疼痛)；창옹(瘡癰)절종；설사(泄瀉)；리질(痢疾)；독사교상(毒蛇咬傷)
용법용량(用法用量)
내복：煎汤，6～15g，鲜品15～30g；或捣汁饮。
외용：适量．水煎熏洗：或鲜品捣敷。
각가론술(各家論術)
1.《别录》： (果实)主益气，明目。
2.《陕西中草药》：全草，清热解毒，消肿，止痛，止痒。
【적록】《중화본초(中華本草)》